Metallography testing involves the study of a material’s microstructure to evaluate its grain structure, phase distribution, defects, and overall quality. Proper sample preparation is crucial for obtaining accurate and reliable results. At MIC Labs, the sample preparation process follows ASTM, ISO, and IS standards, ensuring consistency and precision.

The process begins with sample selection, where a representative portion of the material is chosen. The selected sample is then sectioned using precision cutting techniques to avoid altering the microstructure. After sectioning, the sample undergoes mounting, where it is embedded in a resin or epoxy to facilitate handling and protect the edges during further processing.

The next step is grinding and polishing, where the sample surface is progressively refined using abrasive papers and polishing compounds to achieve a smooth, mirror-like finish. This step is critical to eliminating scratches and distortions that could interfere with microscopic analysis. If required, the sample undergoes etching, where it is treated with chemical reagents to reveal microstructural details like grain boundaries and phase distributions.

Once prepared, the sample is examined under a metallurgical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), or optical microscope, depending on the testing requirements. This detailed examination helps assess the material’s properties, including grain size, inclusion content, porosity, and heat treatment effects, making metallography essential for quality control, failure analysis, and research in industries like aerospace, automotive, defense, and manufacturing.